Ankle replacement surgery, also known as total ankle arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure where damaged parts of the ankle joint are replaced with artificial implants. The ankle joint, located where the shin bone (tibia), calf bone (fibula), and ankle bone (talus) meet, connecting the foot to the lower leg. This joint plays a crucial role for a range of foot movements essential for walking, running and balancing.
Damage to the ankle joint can arise from various causes, such as arthritis, traumatic injury, or age-related wear. It can also be due to a past injury that never fully healed. Patients often experience pain, swelling, or stiffness and limited mobility, which may worsen over time. Doctors assess the damage through imaging tests, like X-rays, MRI scans, and a physical exam to understand the severity and assess the extent of the damage.
In ankle replacement surgery, the damaged joint surfaces are removed, and replaced with artificial components that mimic a natural ankle’s shape and function. The procedure typically requires general anaesthesia but this depends on the nature and duration of the operation. Ankle replacement surgery takes around two hours. The primary goal of ankle replacement is to relieve pain and restore mobility, helping patients regain comfort and stability in everyday movements.