- What is radiotherapy?
Radiotherapy is a cancer treatment that uses strong radiation to damage the DNA of cancer cells so they stop growing and eventually die. It is usually directed only to the area where the tumor is located, not the whole body.
- How does radiotherapy work?
Radiation slowly harms cancer cells over days or weeks. These damaged cells die and removed by the body. Healthy cells around the area can also be affected, but they usually repair themselves better than cancer cells.
- What are the main types of radiotherapy?
There are two common types: External radiotherapy; where a machine sends radiation from outside the body to tumor. Internal radiotherapy (brachytherapy); where a small radioactive source is placed inside or very close to the tumor.
- Who can receive radiotherapy?
Radiotherapy is used for many cancers such as prostate, lung, cervical, head and neck, Hodgkin lymphoma and rectal cancer. Doctors decide suitability based on cancer type, stage and the patient’s overall health.
- Is radiotherapy safe?
Yes. Radiotherapy is given by trained specialists using machines that are checked regularly. Safety rules are followed at every step, but side effects can still happen.
- What happens before treatment starts?
Patients meet with an oncologist, have imaging tests like CT or MRI, and complete a general health check. A planning session called “simulation” helps mark the exact area that will receive radiation.
- What should I expect during each session?
You lie on a treatment table while the machine delivers radiation to the planned area. The machine does not touch you. Each session usually lasts 15-20 minutes, and most people go home right after.
- How many sessions are needed?
External radiotherapy is often given 5 days a week for several weeks. The total number depends on the cancer type and treatment plan.
- What side effects can occur?
Side effects depend on the area treated. Common ones include tiredness, skin irritation, sore throat or mild discomfort. These usually improve after treatment ends.
- Can I continue daily activities during radiotherapy?
Most patients can continue normal routines, but they may feel more tired than usual. rest and good nutrition can help.
- How should I care for my skin during treatment?
Wash gently with warm water and mild soap, moisturize regularly and protect the treated area from the sun with SPF 30 or higher.
- What follow-up is needed after raditherapy?
Regular check-ups help doctors monitor recovery, manage side effects and check how well the cancer responded to treatment.
- Can radiotherapy be used for symptom relief?
Yes. Radiotherapy can reduce pain, bleeding, or pressure caused by advanced cancer, helping improve comfort and quality of life.
- Why do some patients combine radiotherapy with other treatments?
Radiotherapy may be used with surgery or chemotherapy to shrink tumors, destroy remaining cancer cells or improve treatment success.